Apparatus and method for collecting reusable material and cleaning surgical instruments

ABSTRACT

A system and method for cleaning instruments, which provides removal and collection of material from one or more surgical instruments. The cleaning apparatus may be a dry cleaning process or offered in conjunction with one or more fluids. In one embodiment, the cleaning apparatus continuously purges blood, bone and other debris quickly and may comprise a system for removing reusable material from the cleaning process for reuse.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/133,146, filed Dec. 18, 2013, which is a non-provisional andclaims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/738,939, filedDec. 18, 2012, the entire disclosure of the foregoing priorityapplications are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices and isgenerally directed toward apparatus for use with surgical instruments toclean and maintain sterility of surgical instruments, as well asapparatus for segregating usable materials from surgical instrumentssuch as cortical and cancellous bone, and methods of using the same.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is presently a recognized shortcoming in the art of cleaning andsterilization of surgical tools, instruments and implants. Morespecifically, there is no apparatus presently available which permits asurgeon to clean a tool, instrument or implant, while at the same timesegregating materials that the tool, instrument or implant is in contactwith for reuse during the same or a different procedure. For example,when a surgical instrument is used for resection of a patient's boneyanatomy, it is desirable for the surgeon to clean the instrumentperiodically, and is also desirable for the surgeon to collect the smallpieces of the patient's boney anatomy for reuse, such as in a bonefusion or fracture repair.

Given the complexities of surgical procedures and the various tools,instruments, implants and other devices used in the procedures, as wellas the varying anatomical differentiation among patients, it is oftenchallenging to provide a surgeon with the necessary tools that may beused and maintained as sterile throughout a particular procedure withoutcrowding the operating room with trays of unused instruments. It is alsodifficult to provide a method and system for safely and efficientlycleaning the variety of different sized and shaped instruments duringthe procedure. It is therefore desirable to provide an apparatus capableof cleaning a wide variety of instruments in an operating room that ispredictable and repeatable and does not obstruct the surgeon or otherprofessionals present during the surgery, and that may otherwise besecured to one or more surfaces in the operating room, all the whilemaintaining sterility.

It would therefore be advantageous to provide apparatus suitable for usewith a variety of instruments used in surgical procedures that isadapted and/or configured and/or capable of cleaning and/or sterilizingthe instrument and segregating, cleaning and preparing material that theinstrument has come into contact with during the surgical procedure forreuse. It would also be advantageous to provide an apparatus thatreduces, if not eliminates, the problems and risks noted above. Otheradvantages over the prior art will become known upon review of theSummary and Detailed Description of the Invention and the appendedclaims.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a novel apparatus andmethod is described for cleaning and/or sterilizing an instrument, whichaccording to one preferred embodiment also comprises means forsegregating, cleaning and preparing usable material in contact with aninstrument for later use by the surgeon or other medical professional.The apparatus in one embodiment provides solutions to a number ofproblems experienced in the prior art, and in particular provides anapparatus that removes and collects certain material from one or moresurgical instruments for reuse. The cleaning apparatus according tovarying embodiments disclosed herein may dry or offered in conjunctionwith a pressurized liquid supply, or with a saline bath.

In one embodiment, the apparatus provides automated cleaning of theinstruments by manual operation to purge blood, bone and other debrisquickly and efficiently.

According to one embodiment, the cleaning apparatus comprises anunobtrusive power supply, which when in use does not distract the fieldof vision of the surgeon from the surgery. In one embodiment, theapparatus is electro-mechanically driven. In another embodiment, theapparatus is pneumatically driven.

According to one embodiment, the cleaning apparatus comprises areceiving face that has a tapered or funneled or “duck bill” shapedentry point, which can be oriented to any position, and permits asurgeon to guide the instrument into the cleaning apparatus withoutdiverting his or her eyes from the surgical site. In certainembodiments, the receiving face is adjustable to permit orientation,extension and/or retraction, and in a plurality of directions relativeto the body of the cleaning apparatus.

According to one particular embodiment, the instrument entry portal isoriented to grab and stabilize the instruments, which are often long andunbalanced, and permits the surgeon to leave the instrument at leastpartially within the cleaning apparatus for continued cleaning to enablethe surgeon to free his hands temporarily while he uses anotherinstrument. In one embodiment, an auditory or other signal may beprovided to the surgeon once all debris has been sensed by the cleaningapparatus as having been removed from the instrument.

Incorporated by reference in their entireties are the following U.S.patents and patent applications directed generally to methods andapparatus related to surgical procedures, thus providing writtendescription support for various aspects of the present disclosure. TheU.S. patents and pending applications incorporated by reference are asfollows: U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,957,824, 7,844,356 and 7,658,610, and U.S.Pat. Pub. Nos. 20100217336, 20090138020, 20090087276 and 20080114370.

One having skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments of thepresent disclosure may have various sizes. The sizes of the variouselements of embodiments of the present disclosure may be sized based onvarious factors including, for example, the type or style of theinstruments to be used in the surgical procedure, the anatomy of thepatient or desired scope of the surgical procedure, the preferences ofthe surgeon or person using the apparatus, the surgical site location,physical features of the instruments used with the apparatus describedherein, including, for example, width, length, shape, range of motionand thickness, and the size of the instruments to be used with theapparatus.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a multitude ofattachments to stabilize the apparatus within the surgical field. Thismay include, by way of example but not limitation, direct attachment toan appropriately selected structure by magnetic attraction or bymechanical coupling to a surgical drape, frame or the operating table.

Embodiments of the present disclosure offer several advantages over theprior art including, for example, enhancing the speed and efficacy ofthe procedure, the ability to scavenge and separate tissue from theinstrument, the disposability of certain instruments and/or implants,lower risk of infection, greater efficiency in completing a surgicalprocedure, more assistance for the surgeon from the physician'sassistant, a more consistent and controlled method of cleaning aninstrument via an apparatus (as opposed to an individual), and fewerand/or less expensive or complex instruments in a surgical site, amongother advantages. Furthermore, by reducing the need for the constantpassing of instruments between surgical personnel for cleaning mayreduce the potential for injury.

One having skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be constructed of materials known to provide, orpredictably manufactured to provide the various aspects of the presentdisclosure. These materials may include, for example, stainless steel,titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, chromium alloy, and other metals ormetal alloys. These materials may also include, for example, PEEK,carbon fiber, ABS plastic, polyurethane, resins, particularlyfiber-encased resinous materials rubber, latex, synthetic rubber,synthetic materials, polymers, and natural materials.

One having skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be used in conjunction with devices that employautomated or semi-automated manipulation. Embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be designed such that the apparatus may besurgeon-driven, such as by a hand trigger or foot pedal, or may beautomated by receiving an input from a photoelectric or proximity sensordetecting the presence of an instrument adjacent the apparatus, oralternatively controlled programmatically by a computer controller, byservo-controlled mechanisms, by hydraulically-driven mechanisms, bypneumatically-driven mechanisms or by piezoelectric actuators. It isexpressly understood for purposes of this disclosure that other types ofmachinery may be employed in the systems and methods described herein.

The Summary of the Invention is neither intended nor should it beconstrued as being representative of the full extent and scope of thepresent disclosure. The present disclosure is set forth in variouslevels of detail in the Summary of the Invention as well as in theattached drawings and the Detailed Description of the Invention and nolimitation as to the scope of the present disclosure is intended byeither the inclusion or non-inclusion of elements, components, etc. inthis Summary of the Invention. Additional aspects of the presentdisclosure will become more readily apparent from the DetailedDescription, particularly when taken together with the drawings.

The above-described benefits, embodiments, and/or characterizations arenot necessarily complete or exhaustive, and in particular, as to thepatentable subject matter disclosed herein. Other benefits, embodiments,and/or characterizations of the present disclosure are possibleutilizing, alone or in combination, as set forth above and/or describedin the accompanying figures and/or in the description herein below.However, the claims set forth herein below define the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure andtogether with the general description of the disclosure given above andthe detailed description of the drawings given below, serve to explainthe principles of the disclosures.

It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale.In certain instances, details that are not necessary for anunderstanding of the disclosure or that render other details difficultto perceive may have been omitted. It should be understood, of course,that the disclosure is not necessarily limited to the particularembodiments illustrated herein.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cleaning apparatus according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 includes several perspective views of components used with theapparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 includes two partial sectional views of the apparatus shown inFIG. 1 in two positions of use;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cleaning apparatus according to onealternative embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 includes perspective views of components used with the apparatusshown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 includes two partial sectional views of the apparatus shown inFIG. 5 in two positions of use;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a cleaning apparatus according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 includes perspective views of the adjustable base and cover forthe apparatus shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a top perspective sectional view of the apparatus shown inFIG. 9 with the cleaning brushes removed;

FIG. 12 includes a another perspective and a detailed view of a cleaningapparatus according to an alternate embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the base of the apparatus shown in FIG.12;

FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 includes perspective views of a cleaning apparatus according toone embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 16 includes perspective views of components used with the apparatusshown in FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a front perspective view of the cleaning apparatus shown inFIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 15;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 15according to one alternative embodiment, wherein the apparatus ispneumatically driven;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 19; and

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of one coupling mechanism for attaching acleaning apparatus to an operating table.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As shown in the appended FIGS. 1-21 and described in further detailherein, the present disclosure relates to a cleaning apparatus that hasthe ability to clean a variety of instruments and instrument types, andmay provide a combination of removal and collection of certainmaterial(s) from one or more surgical instruments. The cleaningapparatus may be a dry cleaning process or offered in conjunction with asaline or sterile liquid solution. In one embodiment, the cleaningapparatus continuously purges blood, bone and other debris quickly andefficiently, and may further comprise a vacuum pump or centrifuge tofacilitate the removal and purging of debris from an instrument.

According to various embodiments described herein, the presentdisclosure further relates to a cleaning apparatus which preferablycomprises one or more manually, electronically or pneumatically operatedcleaning elements disposed in a receiving area of the cleaning apparatuswhich are preferably oriented to contact and thereby clean a widevariety of instruments or tools used by surgeons and other surgicalprofessionals. In some embodiments, the one or more cleaning elementsare operated manually. In another embodiment, they are operated by asensor that detects the presence of an instrument to be cleaned. Forexample, a proximity or photoelectric sensor may be utilized to detectthe presence of an instrument, which is typically made from a metal ormetal alloy.

Several preferred embodiments of the cleaning apparatus are shown inFIGS. 1-21. According to the device depicted in the Figures, one aspectof the present disclosure is that the cleaning apparatus provides meansfor containing, ingesting and/or collecting whatever material/debris isattached to or has been retrieved by the instrument. In one embodiment,the cleaning mechanism comprises multiple compartments or zones topermit this containment, ingesting, segregation and collection to occur.

According to one embodiment, the cleaning apparatus comprises acollection tray or compartment that may be removed easily and thematerial contained therein processed. For example, material captured bythe collection tray may include one or more types of bone, which may beprocessed for use in a subsequent surgical procedure or in someembodiments in the same procedure as the one in which the bone wasobtained. The collected bone material may be used, for example, in asurgical fusion procedure as bone graft. In one embodiment, the cleaningapparatus further comprises a bath of chemical solution to continuouslyclean and sterilize the bone or other reusable materials collected bythe cleaning apparatus until those materials are retrieved by thesurgeon or other medical professional for reuse.

In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning apparatus houses at least onebrush for removing material from the instrument to be cleaned, and maycomprise a plurality of brushes. Brushes may be fine or coarse brushes,depending on the instruments to be cleaned, and at least in someembodiments may be removable and replaceable depending on theapplication and the type of surgical procedure (and hence, the type ofinstruments that are going to be utilized in that surgical procedure).In one embodiment, the brushes are disposable. Brushes are preferablyrotational brushes, but may alternatively be belt driven brushes and maybe grooved, and which are coupled to a motor or other power source forsupplying the rotational or translational force needed to move thebrushes when an instrument is present inside the housing. In oneembodiment, the motor is activated by a relay or solid state motorstarter, which in turn is activated by a sensor, such as a proximity orphotoelectric sensor, which detects the presence of an instrument insidethe housing and signals the motor to rotate the brushes.

In one embodiment, the cleaning apparatus also houses a fluid reservoir,which may reside adjacent to the brushes. In one embodiment, thereservoir is connected to one or more fluid injection ports, which areoriented to distribute fluid from the reservoir to the surface of thebrushes to lubricate the brushes and/or the surfaces of the instruments.In a preferred embodiment, the sensor which triggers rotation of thebrushes also signals a pump located in the reservoir to distributeapproximately 5 to 50 cc of saline solution, for example, to the fluidinjection ports to lubricate the brushes prior to, and/or during thecleaning operation. In an alternative embodiment, the brushes arepositioned to at least partially become submerged in the fluidreservoir, so that during their rotation the brushes pass through thefluid in the reservoir and lubricate in this manner. Although saline isused here by way of example, it is expressly understood that other fluidmaybe suitable for use with the cleaning apparatus without departingfrom the novel aspects of the present disclosure.

Referring now in particular to FIGS. 1-4, one embodiment of the presentdisclosure is shown. According to this embodiment, a cleaning apparatus10 is manually operated and permits, for example, a single instrument tobe inserted linearly into the cleaning apparatus 10 by inserting theinstrument into an entry valve 30. As used herein, the term “entryvalve” refers to an entry port or access port through which the userinserts the instrument or other device to be cleaned into the internalcleaning portion or chamber of the cleaning apparatus 10. The entryvalve 30 may be an opening of a specific geometric shape, for example,but not limited to, a circular, oval, square, rectangular, cross-shapedor any other suitable shape sized to allow insertion of the device beingcleaned into the cleaning portion of the device. In further embodimentsof the present invention, the entry valve 30 may comprise a cover overthe valve opening.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the entry valve 30 maycomprise a cover constructed from a flexible, pliable, conformable, orbendable material with a hole or slot passing through the cover, toallow an instrument to be inserted therethrough. The cover may be sizedto substantially cover the entire open surface area of the entry valveopening. For example, a flexible slotted cover will keep the internalcomponents of the cleaning apparatus at least somewhat isolated from theoutside environment when the apparatus 10 is not in use. However, whenthe user is ready to clean in instrument, the flexible slotted coverwill reversibly open to allow the instrument to be inserted through thecover and the entry port, into the cleaning portion of the cleaningapparatus 10. In some embodiments of the present invention, a hole orslot in a flexible cover may flexibly and reversibly mold around theinstrument that has been inserted therethrough to provide a liquid-tightseal. When the user is finished cleaning the device, the hole or slot inthe flexible cover allows the user to easily withdraw the instrument,and then the hole or slot in the flexible cover reseals to isolate theapparatus' internal components from the outside environment. An entryvalve 30 cover may be constructed from any suitably flexible andmoldable plastic material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the entry valve 30 may bean opening placed in the center of a circular planar structure that isbuilt into or attached to the top end of a circular body 12. In apreferred embodiment of the present invention, the entry valve 30 maycomprise a circular funnel-shaped structure in which the lower internalportion of the funnel-shaped structure terminates with arectangular-shaped, or slotted, opening. In such an embodiment, thefunnel-shaped structure comprises two opposing, angled planarstructures, which nearly intersect at the bottom of the funnelstructure, but instead terminate just before intersection, to leave agap that forms the rectangular opening at the bottom of the funnel. Asused herein, such an entry valve 30 with a funnel terminating with aslotted opening may be referred to as a “duck bill” entry valve.

In further embodiments of the present invention, the entry valve 30 mayfurther comprise a circular shaped funnel that terminates with acircular or oval opening. A benefit of the an entry valve 30 comprisinga funnel shaped structure located above the access or entry port intothe internal cleaning structures of the cleaning apparatus 10 is thatthe funnel will assist the user with guiding the instrument into thecleaning apparatus 10. The funnel shape is especially beneficial incases where the user must maintain visual focus away from the cleaningapparatus 10, e.g. on a delicate surgical procedure, but still needs toquickly insert the medical device for cleaning. The combination of theduck bill entry valve 30 and the funnel structure results in the useronly needing to position the device to be cleaned inside the large openarea of the funnel, and subsequent insertion, cleaning and withdrawal ofthe device may be easily accomplished by touch.

In addition, a funnel-structure integrated into the entry valve 30facilitates a cleaner operation of the cleaning apparatus 10, in thatblood, bone, and/or tissue on the device being cleaned will tend to bedirected into the cleaning apparatus 10, instead of on to the floor,table, or surrounding areas. This will facilitate better recovery ofthese materials, and provide better sterility among other instrumentsand apparatus in the work area.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the entry valve 30 maycomprise threads that may allow a screw attachment with receivingthreads on the body 12. In further embodiments, the entry valve 30 maycomprise a snap attachment, which physically couples to a receiving snapattachment built into the body 12. In still further embodiments, theouter circumference of the entry valve 30 may sit inside a ledge builtinto the top end of the body 12, wherein the entry valve 30 is heldflush against the body by gravity. In a further embodiment of thepresent invention, the entry valve 30 comprises a circular openingpositioned at the narrow, terminal end of a funnel structure, whereinthe top wide portion of the funnel structure provides threads around theoutside circumference of the wide funnel structure, such that thethreads mate with corresponding threads located at the top end, on theinside wall of the body 12.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the body 12 preferably provides ahousing for at least one brush cartridge 20 and at least one biasingmember or spring 14; e.g. the brush cartridge 20 and spring 14 arelocated inside a hollow body 12. In some embodiments of the presentinvention, the body 12 comprises a cylinder comprising a top end, abottom end, and a length spanning between the two ends. The length maycomprise a constant cross-sectional area for the entire length of thecylinder. The top end of the body 12 preferably receives the entry valve30, e.g. the duckbill entry valve, and may be threaded to receivethreads located on the entry valve 30. Threads may be located on theinside wall of a cylindrical body 12, or on the outside wall of acylindrical body 12. The bottom end of the body 12 may receive acollection or specimen jar 40. In preferred embodiments of the presentinvention, the bottom end of the body 12 may be threaded to receivethreads on the specimen jar 40, to allow the easy attachment anddetachment of the specimen jar 40 to the bottom end of the body 12.

In further embodiments of the present invention, the body 12 maycomprise a lip or ledge located on the top end of the body 12, which isconstructed to receive the outside circumference of the entry valve 30.In still further embodiments of the present invention, the inside wallof the body 12 may contain a slot positioned near the top end of thebody 12 for receiving an o-ring, gasket, or seal. Placement of the entryvalve 30 into the top end of the body 12 may then facilitate compressionof the o-ring, gasket, or seal between the inside wall of the body 12and the outside circumference of the entry valve 30 to make aliquid-tight seal. In still further embodiments of the presentinvention, the inside wall of the body 12 may contain a slot positionednear the bottom end of the body 12 for receiving an o-ring, gasket, orseal. Placement of the specimen jar 40 into the bottom end of the body12 may then facilitate compression of the o-ring, gasket, or sealbetween in the inside wall of the body 12 and the outside circumferenceof the specimen jar 40 to make a liquid-tight seal.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the body 12 may comprise ameans for engaging and rotating the brush cartridge 20. A means forengaging and rotating may comprise any structure or structures forslidably and reversibly connecting the inside wall of the body 12 withthe outside wall of the brush cartridge 20, such that the mechanicalconnection allows the brush cartridge 20 to move reversibly in eitherdirection along the longitudinal axis of the body 12, as well asallowing the brush cartridge 20 to rotate around the longitudinal axisof the body 12. As used herein, the term “reversibly” used in contextwith the brush cartridge 20, refers to the brush cartridge 20 beingcapable of moving both up and down along the longitudinal axis of thebody 12.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the means for engaging androtating the brush cartridge 20 may comprise a first structurecomprising at least one recess, slot, groove, or channel, which may beintegrally constructed into the inside wall of the body, wherein thefirst structure extends in a spiral fashion around the inside wall ofthe body 12, for at least a portion of the length of the body 12.Further illustration of this concept is provided in relation to FIGS.7-8 below. As used herein, “pitch” refers to the number of completerotations of a slot, groove, or channel, per unit length of the body.The means for engaging and rotating further comprises a second structurecomprising at least one of a thread, projection, tab, extension, orother suitable structure, physically attached or integrally formed ontothe outside wall of the brush cartridge 20, such that the secondstructure slidably and reversibly fits into the first structure.

Alternatively, the means for engaging and rotating the brush cartridge20 may comprise a first structure comprising at least one thread, ridge,rib, spine, or other suitably constructed linear prominence, which maybe integrally constructed into the inside wall of the body 12, whereinthe first structure extends in a spiral or helical fashion around theinside wall of the body 12, for at least a portion of the length of thebody 12. In this case, the means for engaging and rotating furthercomprises a second structure comprising at least one recess, slot,groove, or channel, or other suitable structure, physically attached orintegrally formed onto the outside wall of the brush cartridge 20, suchthat the second structure fits around, within and/or couples to thefirst structure.

As a result of these physical relationships between the first and secondstructures of the means for engaging and rotating, movement of the brushcartridge 20 along the longitudinal axis of the body 12 results in thesecond structure, and the brush cartridge 20, to move along the firststructure track mounted to the inside wall of the body. Thislongitudinal movement causes rotation of the brush cartridge 20 aroundthe longitudinal axis of the body 12, and thus causes rotation of one ormore brushes 22 located inside the brush cartridge 20 to rotate around,and relative to, the instrument or other medical device being cleaned.The pitch of the first structure will define the number of rotationsthat the brush cartridge 20 provides for per unit length of travel alongthe longitudinal axis.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, at least one ofthe first structure and second structure of the means for engaging androtating the brush cartridge 20 within the cleaning apparatus body 12may comprise a means for reducing friction between the first and secondstructures. Examples of a means for reducing friction between the firstand second structures include, but are not limited to, bearings, ballbearings, rollers, wheels, non-stick surfaces, lubricant, and any othersuitable structure, device or composition for reducing friction.

As one skilled in the art will recognize, the need for a means forreducing friction will depend greatly on the pitch selected for thefirst structure for engaging and rotating the brush cartridge 20. Inother words, if a large number of rotations of the brush cartridge 20are desired, the “track” defined by the first structure formed on theinside wall of the body, will have a small angle relative to thelongitudinal axis of the body 12. This will result in a larger minimumforce to move the brush cartridge 20 within the body 12, which maybenefit from the use of bearings positioned with the “track.”Conversely, fewer rotations of the brush cartridge 20 will result in atrack with a relatively large angle relative to the longitudinal axis ofthe body 12, resulting in a smaller minimum force to move the brushcartridge 20 within the body 12, in which case a means for reducingfriction may not be beneficial.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the means forengaging and rotating the brush cartridge 20 may comprise at least onelocating feature attached to the inside wall of the body 12, whichphysically engages at least one matching locating feature mounted to theoutside wall of the brush cartridge 20. The at least one locatingfeature of the body 12 may comprise a surface extending from the insidewall of the body 12, the surface comprising at least an angled bottomedge and a tapered top edge. Similarly, the at least one located featureof the brush cartridge 20 may also comprise a surface extending from theoutside wall of the brush cartridge 20, wherein this second surfacecomprises at least an angled top edge and a tapered bottom edge. The twoangled edges are configured such that that they are angled to the samedegree and in the same direction.

Thus, in operation, when the user forces the brush cartridge 20 downinto the body, in the longitudinal direction, the bottom tapered edge ofthe brush cartridge 20 slides over the top tapered edge of the body 12.The brush cartridge 20 advances downward until the bottom end of thecylinder and/or the spring 14 prevents further movement in thelongitudinal direction. Once the user removes the force used to push thebrush cartridge 20 down, the spring 14 starts to move the brushcartridge 20 back to its original top position, however, now the topangled edge of the brush cylinder 20 impinges against the bottom anglededge of the cleaning apparatus body 12, preventing the two surfaces fromsliding across each other in the longitudinal direction. Instead, thetwo opposing angled edges slide against each other, resulting inrotational movement of the brush cartridge 20 around the longitudinalaxis of the body 12 as best shown in FIG. 4. The first and secondsurfaces may also both comprise a corresponding width. The combinationof these widths and the angle of the angled edges will define the numberof rotations achievable by the brush cartridge 20 as the spring 14advances it back to the top starting position.

Other possible embodiments of the present invention for a means forengaging and rotating the brush cylinder are incorporated herein byreference in their entirety, for enablement purposes, including U.S.Pat. Nos. 7,982,885, 7,518,598, 6,908,247, and 6,745,424, U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2013/0055514 and PCT Patent ApplicationPublication Nos. WO 2013/076026 and WO 2009/091709.

A biasing member or spring 14 is preferably positioned within the body12 of the cleaning apparatus 10, between the brush cartridge 20 and thespecimen jar 40. As one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, thespring 14 is preferably selected to provide a force sufficient to returnthe brush cartridge 20 from a bottom position located at the bottom endof the body 12 to a loading position wherein the brush cartridge 20 islocated at the top end of the body 12. However, a balance will be madesuch that the spring 14 is not designed to be so stiff as to require theuser to apply excessive force to push the brush cartridge 20 downward.In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one spring 14 ispositioned between the brush cartridge 20 and the specimen jar 40. Aspring 14 used in some of the embodiments may comprise at least one coilspring, flat spring, helical spring, leaf spring, or any other suitablespring. In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaningapparatus 10 may comprise at least one spring 14 comprising acompression spring, a constant spring, and a variable spring.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus 10may comprise a torsion spring, either alone or in combination with themeans for engaging and rotating the brush cartridge. As used herein, a“torsion spring” is a spring that provides a torque or twisting forcesuch that the end of spring rotates through an angle is a load isapplied (or released).

In some embodiments of the present invention, a coil spring (or multiplesprings) 14 may be selected with an outside diameter sized such that thecoil spring 14 is positioned inside the apparatus body, against theinside wall of the body. A small gap may be provided between the spring14 in the inside wall of the body 12, to allow the coil spring 14 tofunction properly during compression and extension of the spring 14.Such a gap will also be large enough to avoid accidental contact of thespring 14 with the first structure of the means for engaging androtating the brush cartridge 20. The coil spring 14 may further comprisea top end and a bottom end, wherein the top end of the coil spring 14abuts against the bottom surface of the brush cartridge 20. The bottomend of the coil spring 14 may be constructed to rest on top of a surfaceextending radially outward from the inside wall of the body 12, oralternatively, the bottom end of the spring 14 may rest on a portion ofthe top surface of the specimen jar 40. Sizing a coil spring 14 to havean outside diameter as close as reasonably possible to the insidediameter of the brush cartridge 20 will assist with maintaining theshape and spring force generated by the coil spring 14 is it iscompressed and released.

In further embodiments of the present invention, the spring 14 maycomprise a spring with an outside diameter substantially less than theinside diameter of the body 12. Such a spring design will eliminatepotential unwanted physical rubbing between the outside diameter of thespring 14 and the first structure of the means for engaging and rotatingthe brush cartridge 20; e.g. spring contact with a ridge, thread, notch,etc. The top end of a spring 14 with a small diameter relative to thebody 12 diameter may be physically attached to, and abut against, thebottom surface of the brush cartridge 20 to assist with maintaining thevertical alignment of the spring 14, relative to the longitudinal axisof the body 12. In still further embodiments of the present invention,the bottom end of the spring 14 may be physically attached to a portionof the top surface of the specimen jar 40. For example, a bridge mayextend across the top surface of the specimen jar 40, providing asurface for the spring 14 to impinge against, providing a stoppingbarrier to allow the spring 14 to be compressed. Similarly, such abridge may extend across the bottom end of the body 12.

It is desirable to select a spring 14 whose cross-sectional area issmall relative to the cross-sectional area of the cleaning apparatusbody 12. This is because it is desirable to maintain as much of theinternal volume of the body 12 as possible in an empty state, so thatdebris (e.g. bone matter, tissue, etc.) may fall unhindered into thespecimen jar 40. This point also illustrates that it may be desirable toselect a spring 14 with as small an outside diameter as is reasonable,and with as few coils as is possible.

Alternatively to a spring 14, some embodiments of the present inventionmay incorporate a piston or other type of biasing member, wherein the atleast one biasing member is placed within a cylindrical housing. Apiston may provide the advantage of virtually eliminating surfaces onwhich debris removed from the instrument being cleaned can collect. Apiston may also facilitate easier cleaning between uses. In stillfurther embodiments, a piston may comprise some other reversiblycompressible element other than a spring; e.g. an elastomere, a fluid, agas, etc.

At least one filter 44 is preferably positioned substantially within thespecimen jar 40. In some embodiments of the present invention, a filter44 may comprise an outside cylindrical wall and an open top face. Theopen top face allows both liquid and solid particulate to settle bygravity from the brush cartridge 20 exit into the internal volume formedby the filter 44 cylindrical wall. The filter 44 further comprises aclosed bottom face. The bottom face may comprise a mesh, filter orscreen material, wherein liquid and fine particles can pass through thebottom face. However, larger particles are retained within the volumeformed by the filter 44. The hole size and shape of the filter 44 may besized and selected for a particular application. For example, a bottomface comprising a stainless steel mesh may be selected with a Tyler meshsize of 80, which will capture all particles with an average diameter ofgreater than 0.180 mm. Alternatively, a bottom face may be selected tocapture finer particles; e.g. a Tyler mesh size of 325 corresponding toallowing all particles smaller than 0.045 mm to pass through the filter.Multiple filters 44 may be used in series, as needed for a particularapplication. In some embodiments, multiple filters 44 are stacked insideof each other, to provide a series of filtration steps to the liquidpassing through the cleaning apparatus 10.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the generally cylindricalwall of the filter 44 may also be constructed of a mesh, filter, orscreen material, wherein liquid and fine particles can pass through thecylindrical wall. This may be desirable for application where the useris generating relatively large amounts of debris, such that the bottomface becomes completely covered with debris and the holes within themesh, filter, or screen become occluded and can no longer pass liquid.In this situation, a cylindrical wall comprising a mesh, filter, orscreen material will provide additional surface area for “filtration”and may enable the user to perform longer procedures without the need toempty the filter 44.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the filter 44 is designedto be autoclaved and reused. Therefore, the filter 44 (as well as any ofthe other components of the apparatus for cleaning) may be constructedfrom materials that are suitable for typical autoclaving conditions(121-123° C. at 15 psig for at least 30 minutes). Suitable materials ofconstruction for autoclaving include, but are not limited, to stainlesssteel, borosilicate glass, polypropylene, and polycarbonate.

In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the filter 44 isdisposable. In other embodiments, the filter is substantially discshaped and does not reside substantially within the specimen jar 40, butrather resides immediately adjacent and above the specimen jar 40.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a specimen jar 40 isprovided. A specimen jar 40 provides an internal volume preferably tohouse the filter 44, in which the material removed from the instrumentis collected. In some embodiments of the present invention, a specimenjar 40 may be an extension of the body 12, wherein the specimen jar 40and body 12 are one piece and the specimen jar 40 is positioned belowthe spring 14 and the brush cartridge 20. In other words, in someembodiments of the present invention, the body 12 of the cleaningapparatus 10 is a single piece that houses the brush cartridge 20, thespring 14, and the filter 44, and is capped on the top end by an entryvalve 30, and is capped on the bottom end with a means for draining thebody.

In some further embodiments of the present invention, a specimen jar 40may be a separate and independent element of the cleaning apparatus 10,wherein the specimen jar 40 may be attached and detached from the bottomend of the body 12. A specimen jar 40 may comprise a hollow cylindricalsidewall further comprising a length, an inside diameter, and an outsidediameter. In some embodiments the sidewall of the specimen jar 40 maycomprise an inside diameter and outside diameter that are substantiallyequal to the inside and outside diameters of the body, respectively. Thetop end of the specimen jar 40 may comprise a substantially open surfacearea, to allow solids and liquids to freely flow and settle from thebody 12 into the internal volume of the specimen jar 40.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the top end ofthe specimen jar 40 reversibly interconnects with the bottom end of thebody 12, utilizing a means for connecting. A means for connecting maycomprise at least one of mating threads, or any other suitablequick-disconnecting attachments known to one of ordinary skill in theart. Further, the top end of the specimen jar 40 may provide a lip,ledge, or recess, etc. that is configured to receive an o-ring, gasket,or seal such that placement of the specimen jar 40 into the bottom endof the body 12 may then facilitate compression of the o-ring, gasket, orseal between the inside wall of the body 12 and the outsidecircumference of the specimen jar 40 to make a liquid-tight seal.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specimen jar 40 maycomprise an exit port positioned within a bottom face of the specimenjar 40. An exit port incorporated into the bottom of the specimen jar 40will facilitate removal of solids and liquid from cleaning apparatus 10.Such removal may be by passive gravity draining through the exit port,or by some active means for draining. Examples of active means fordraining including, applying a vacuum source to the exit port, applyinga pressure to the entry valve 30 of the body 12 to force flow throughthe exit port, and/or applying a centrifugal force to the cleaningapparatus 10 to force flow through the exit port.

In some embodiments of the present invention, an exit port in thespecimen jar 40 may simply be an opening. For example, a hose barb maybe attached to the exit port, to facilitate attachment of tubing toallow liquid to drain from the cleaning apparatus 10, through thetubing, to a collection vessel. A hose barb may also be used to apply avacuum source to the specimen jar 40. For such an embodiment, a systemfor cleaning an instrument may comprise the cleaning apparatus, a liquidtrap, and a vacuum pump.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the exit port mayfurther comprise a valve, such that the valve can be opened and closedas desired by the user. As would be known to one of ordinary skill inthe art, any hose barb, valve, or other desirable fitting, may beattached to the bottom end of the specimen jar by welding the fitting tothe specimen jar, by use of threaded connections, compression fittings,sanitary fittings, or any other suitable connections. Furtherillustration of this concept is provided in relation to FIG. 7 anddescribed below.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specimen jar 40 doesnot include an exit port. In such embodiments, the specimen jar 40 maybe removed from the body 12 to facilitate removal of the liquid anddebris that have collected within the specimen jar 40. In some furtherembodiments, a lid may be provided that reversibly attaches to the opentop end of the specimen jar 40. This may enable the specimen jar 40 tobe placed in a centrifuge to enable more complete separation of thesolids from the liquids, especially in cases where the filter 44comprises a very fine mesh, screen, or filter material.

In some further embodiments of the present invention, the specimen jar40 may provide a surface that physically abuts against the lower end ofthe spring 44, thus providing a physical stop that allows the spring 44to be compressed when the user applies a downward force to the brushcartridge 20. In some embodiments, such a surface may be a ledge or lipthat extends from the inside wall of the specimen jar 40, around theinner circumference of the specimen jar 40, wherein the inside diameterof the ledge or lip is less than the outside diameter of the spring 14.Such a ledge or lip is envisioned for embodiments wherein the spring 44diameter is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the body 12.

Alternatively, a surface that physically abuts against the lower end ofthe spring 14 may comprise a bridge that extends across the diameter ofthe open upper end of the specimen jar 40. Such a configuration isenvisioned for embodiments that employ a spring 14 with an outsidediameter that is substantially smaller than the inside diameter of thebody 12. In either embodiment, a bridge or a ledge or lip configuredinto the top end of the specimen jar 40, removal of the specimen jar 40from the body 12 will allow both the spring 14 and the brush cartridge20 to be removed from the body 12.

A brush cartridge 20 is preferably provided within the cleaning chamberand provides an internal volume in which the instrument is physicallyand/or chemically cleaned. As used herein “physical cleaning” refers toany mechanical, frictional, vibrational, and/or ultrasonic means forapplying a force to the instrument being cleaned. As used herein“chemical cleaning” refers to the use of a chemical agent that affectsthe chemical properties of a solution stored in the brush cartridgeand/or the chemical properties of the debris being cleaned from theinstrument. Examples of chemical properties include, but are not limitedto, solubility, miscibility, surface tension, density, and reactivity.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a brush cartridge 20 maycomprise a hollow cylindrical body comprising a wall, a top end, and abottom end. The wall may further comprise a length along thelongitudinal axis of the body, an inside diameter, and an outsidediameter. The outside diameter of the wall is configured such that thebrush cartridge 20 physically communicates with the inside wall of thebody 12 through the use of the means for engaging and rotating the brushcartridge 20. As such, the outside diameter of the brush cartridge 20may be less than the inside diameter of the body 12.

The length of the brush cartridge 20 may comprise a length that is equalto or less than the length of the body 12. In some embodiments whereinthe brush cartridge 20 length is equal to the length of the body 12, ameans for engaging and rotating the brush cartridge 20, and a spring 14,are not needed, and cleaning of the instrument is provided only by themotion of inserting and retracting the instrument into the brushcartridge 20 through the entry valve 30. In such an embodiment, aseparate and independent brush cartridge 20 that is inserted into thebody 12 may be eliminated, wherein the cleaning elements (e.g. brushes)are physically incorporated/attached directly into the body 12.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a top end of the brushcartridge 20 may comprise a cap comprising a flat surface, or in otherwords a brush cartridge cover 24, and having an entry port therethrough.The entry port may be an opening sized to accept insertion of theinstrument therethrough. The entry port into the brush cartridge 20 maybe an opening of a specific geometric shape, for example, but notlimited to, a circular, oval, square, rectangular, or any other suitableshape sized to allow insertion of the device being cleaned into thebrush cartridge. According to other embodiments, the entry portcomprises a second stage or level to provide further containment andcleaning of the instrument as it is removed from the entry port. In somefurther embodiments of the present invention, the brush cartridge entryport is substantially the same size and shape as the entry valve 30opening positioned above it.

In some further embodiments of the present invention, the cleaningapparatus is configured such that when the brush cartridge 20 is at thetop of the body 12 (e.g. when the spring is not compressed), the brushcartridge entry port is substantially aligned with the entry valve 30opening. For example, for the case of a circular entry valve 30 opening,a circular brush cartridge entry port will be positioned directly belowthe circular entry valve 30 opening. For example, in the case of arectangular entry valve 30 opening, a rectangular brush cartridge entryport will be aligned with and directly below the rectangular entry valve30 opening. For rectangular openings, “aligned” refers to at least thelong dimensions of the rectangular openings being parallel, with therectangular openings positioned directly above or below each other. Forcircular openings, “aligned” refers to at least the center points of thecircular openings being positioned substantially along the samelongitudinal axis of the body.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the brush cartridge cover24 on the top end of the brush cartridge 20 may comprise at least onemeans for attaching an instrument or other device to the brush cartridge20 for providing physical cleaning to the instrument within the brushcartridge 20.

Referring now to FIG. 4, in some embodiments the bottom end of the brushcartridge 20 may comprise a substantially open area to allow liquidand/or debris removed from the instrument to collect in the specimen jar40. The bottom end of the brush cartridge 20 may further comprise animpingement plate physically attached to the inside wall of the brushcartridge 20, such that the distal end of the instrument 1 physicallyimpinges against the impingement plate when the user inserts theinstrument 1 into the brush cartridge 20, thus providing the physicalstop needed to push the instrument 1 and the brush cartridge 20 as aunit down into the body 12, along the longitudinal axis of the body 12.In some embodiments of the present invention, an impingement plate maycomprise a circular plate, wherein the circular plate is centered withinthe circular cross-sectional area of the brush cartridge 20. Further,the circular plate may comprise an outside diameter that issignificantly smaller than the inside diameter of the brush cartridge20, but still large enough that the instrument 1 can impinge against theplate for a wide range of insertion angles of the instrument into theentry valve 30. At least one bridging structure may connect theimpingement plate to the inside wall of the lower end of the brushcartridge 20.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a means for providingphysical cleaning to an instrument may comprise at least one of a brush,a sponge, a surgical towel or fabric, a vibration mechanism, ultrasound,and any other suitable mechanical cleaning mechanism. In preferredembodiments of the present invention, a means for providing physicalcleaning may comprise at least one brush 22 mounted within the internalvolume of the brush cartridge 20 and physically connected therein by atleast one means for attaching the at least one brush 22 to the capand/or the bottom end of the brush cartridge 20. In some embodiments ofthe present invention, the means for providing physical cleaning maycomprise two, three, four, five, six, or more than six brushes 22. Insome further embodiments, the at least one brush 22 may comprise alength that is equal to or less than the length of the brush cartridge20 sidewall. In still further embodiments, the at least one brush 22 ismounted within the brush cartridge 20, such that the length of the atleast one brush cartridge 20 is substantially parallel to the long axisof the body 12. In still further embodiments of the present invention,the at least one brush 22 is mounted within the brush cartridge 20, suchthat the length of the at least one brush cartridge 20 is notsubstantially parallel to the long axis of the body 12. In still furtherembodiments of the present invention, the at least one brush 22 ismounted within the brush cartridge 20, such that the length of the atleast one brush cartridge 20 is substantially perpendicular to the longaxis of the body 12. In such embodiments, it will be clear to one ofordinary skill in the art, that suitable means for attaching theperpendicular brushes 22 to the inside wall of the brush cartridge 20will be needed.

Whether to the brush cartridge 20 sidewall, the cover 24, or the brushcartridge 20 bottom end, suitable means for attaching are contemplatedas would be understood to one of ordinary skill in the art, and aretherefore not extensively described herein. For example, for enablementpurposes, a means for attaching may comprise holes fabricated into thecap and/or bridges spanning the bottom end. In another example, each ofthe at least one brush may comprise a threaded fitting at the top end ofits length that threads into a corresponding receiving hole located inthe brush cartridge cover 24. The cover 24 is then inserted as a unitwith the brushes 22 attached, into the internal volume formed by thebrush cartridge 20 sidewall. Each brush 22 also comprises a stub thatextends from the bottom end of the each brush 22. These stubs are thenreceived by corresponding holes located in the bridges that span thebottom surface of the brush cartridge 20, and support the impingementplate. It should be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art that sucha configuration will require a snap-fit connection between the brushcartridge cap and the brush cartridge 20 sidewall, as the physicalconnection of the brushes 22 with the top holes and bottom holes willhinder the rotation of the cover 24 needed to provide a threadedconnection. In another example, once the brushes 22 and the cover 24 arein place, the cover 24 may be secured in place using at least one screwwherein the screw passes through the cover 24 (e.g. through aprefabricated hole) and into the sidewall of the brush cartridge 20,wherein the screw is aligned along the longitudinal axis of the body 12.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one brush 22may be fixed within the brush cartridge 20, such that the brushes 22cannot rotate around their longitudinal axes. In further embodiments,the brushes 22 can rotate around their longitudinal axes. In stillfurther embodiments, the brushes 22 may be spring loaded to allowflexing and force application.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one brush 22may comprise a length and a cross-sectional shape, wherein thecross-sectional shape does not change along the length of the at leastone brush 22. For example, the cross-sectional shape may be circularsuch the brush or brushes 22 comprises cylindrical shape. Alternatively,the cross-sectional shape may be triangular, square, or any othersuitable two-dimensional shape. In addition, a brush 22 cross-sectionalshape may change with position along the length of the brush 22. Forexample, a brush 22 may comprise at least one conical section, whereinthe diameter of a circular cross-section changes with length. In anotherexample, a brush 22 comprising a triangular cross-section may rotate thetriangular-cross section relative to its position along the longitudinalaxis; e.g. resulting in a helical shaped brush 22.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one brush 22may be comprised of a plurality of radially extending brushes 22, whichmay be constructed from materials of construction comprising at leastone of Nylon, Polypropylene, Polyester, Fluorinated ethylene propylene(Teflon), Polyglecaprone 25 (Monocryl), Polydioxanone (PDS),Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl), Polyglycolic acid (Dexon) or other suitablematerial. In still further embodiments of the present invention, thebrush or brushes 22 may be constructed from materials that are suitablefor autoclaving.

In some embodiments of the present invention, three brushes 22 arepositioned vertically within the brush cartridge 20, wherein the outsidesurfaces of the brushes 22 are in physical contact with one anotheralong each of the brushes' lengths, and the three brushes 22 form aninternal space that is centered below the entry valve 30 opening and thebrush cartridge 20 entry port, wherein the internal space runs theentire length of the brushes 22. In such embodiments, the instrument tobe cleaned is inserted by the user through the entry valve 30, throughthe entry port, and into the internal space formed between the threebrushes 22. As the instrument is inserted between the brushes 22, thebrushes 22 provide frictional contact with the instrument, thus cleaningdebris from the instrument.

Referring again to FIG. 4, when the distal end of the instrument abutsagainst the impingement plate, the brush cartridge 20 is forceddownwards into the body along the longitudinal axis. This downwardmovement, causes the first and second structures of the means forengaging and rotating the brush cartridge 20 to engage one another,causing the brush cartridge 20 to rotate around the body's longitudinalaxis. This rotational motion, in turn, causes the brushes 22 to move inrelationship to the instrument. This rotational motion is especiallyeffective at cleaning the instrument, especially in configurationswherein the brushes 22 are stationary within the brush cartridge 20;e.g. prohibited from rotating themselves relative to the longitudinalaxis.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a chemical means forcleaning may be provided within at least one of the apparatus body, thebrush cartridge, and the specimen jar. In some further embodiments ofthe present invention, a chemical means for cleaning the instrument,comprising a liquid is provided. In some embodiments of the presentinvention, a liquid may comprise at least one of water, an alcohol, anorganic, a saline solution, an antiseptic, a preservative, formaldehyde,a stabilizer, an acid, a base, a solvent, and any other liquid forachieving a particular function of interest. In some further embodimentsa liquid will fill all of or less than the internal empty volume of thecleaning apparatus. It should be clear to one of ordinary skill in theart, that embodiments incorporating a liquid cleaning agent willpreferably incorporate o-rings, gaskets, or seals into the connectionsbetween the various elements of the cleaning apparatus: e.g. the body,the specimen jar, the entry valve, etc.

Referring now to FIGS. 5-8, an alternate embodiment of a manuallyoperated cleaning device is shown. Although not shown, certainembodiments of the present invention may incorporate at least one motorin place of, or in addition to, the means for engaging and rotating thebrush cartridge. In still further embodiments of the present invention,at least one cylindrical brush may be physically mounted lengthwisewithin the internal volume of the body, wherein the at least one brushis mechanically connected to a motor which is configured to causerotational movement of the at least one brush around the axiscorresponding to the length of the brush. The motor may be configured toturn on and off when specified by the user. A motor may be powered by anAC or DC current supply, provided by either a conventional wall socketand/or at least one battery.

In some embodiments of the present invention an entry port 70 into theinternal volume of the cleaning apparatus 50 may comprise a hole througha lid or cap 52 on the device, wherein a first end of a flexible joint74 is attached to the entry port, and a second end of the flexible joint74 is connected to funnel-shaped structure 76. The flexible joint 74 isprovided with a hole that passes through its entire length.

The funnel-shaped structure 76 may comprise a wide, open, mouth section,and a narrow bottom section that terminates at hole that passes throughthe flexible joint 74. In some embodiments of the present invention, thefunnel-shaped structure 76 attached to the flexible joint 74 maycomprise a “duckbill valve” as described above. The flexible joint 74will allow the user to orient the funnel-shaped structure 76 at adesired angle to enable easier insertion of the instrument into thecleaning apparatus 50.

For example, once the flexible joint 74 is at the desired angle, theuser only needs to visually place the terminal end of the instrumentinto the duckbill valve 76, and then can proceed by feel to insert theinstrument sequentially through the duckbill valve 76, flexible joint74, and entry point into the cleaning apparatus 50 internal volume.

An aspect of the present invention is a cleaning apparatus 50 forinstruments comprising a housing 58 comprising a top surface, a bottomsurface, a top end, a bottom end, and a sidewall that define an internalvolume within the housing. In some embodiments of the present invention,the housing comprises a rectangular, box shape. The cleaning apparatusaccording to this embodiment preferably comprises a brush assembly 60and a collection device 80. The brush assembly 60 includes a brushcartridge 62 with at least one brush 65 and a brush cartridge cover 64.A biasing member, such as a spring 54, is positioned in housing 56between the assembly 60 and the collection device 80. Various othercomponents are depicted in FIG. 7. The collection device 80 may includea cylindrical housing 84 and a spacer 86.

In some further embodiments of the present invention, the top surface ofthe housing 58 comprises an entry port, which allows the user to insertthe instrument to be cleaned into the internal volume of the housing 58.The entry port may comprise a hole with any suitable geometric shape;e.g. rectangular slot, circular hole, etc. In further embodiments of thepresent invention, the entry port may comprise a cover over the hole. Insome embodiments of the present invention, the entry port may comprise acover constructed from a flexible, pliable, conformable, or bendablematerial with a hole or slot passing through the cover, to allow theinstrument to be inserted therethrough. The cover may be sized tosubstantially cover the entire open surface area of the entry port hole.In still further embodiments the entry port may be positioned in the topend of the housing 58.

The housing may further comprise a first structure 59 as described abovefor connecting with a second structure 69 located relative to the brushassembly 60. The joining of the first structure 59 to the secondstructure 69 in this embodiment operates in the same manner describedabove with respect to the cleaning apparatus 10. Furthermore, thecleaning apparatus 50 may comprise an exit valve 90 which has at leasttwo positions determined by the position of a valve handle 92 relativeto the exit valve 92. Further details relating to the cleaning apparatusare also described above in relation to FIGS. 1-4 and are expresslyunderstood to have applicability to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5-8.

Referring now to FIGS. 9-14, in some embodiments of the present thecleaning apparatus 100 may comprise two or more counter-rotating beltbrushes 114. In some embodiments a belt brush system 114 may comprise afirst belt drive 116, a second belt drive 116, and a belt brushcomprising a flexible planar surface comprising a width, a first end,and a second end, wherein the first and second ends are attached to oneanother to make a loop or “belt”. As used herein, a “belt drive” is arotatable cylinder. The belt brush system may be powered by a motor 120of varying types and sizes.

A belt drive 116 may comprise teeth or some other suitablefriction-forming surface to facilitate gripping the belt brushes 114. Insome embodiments of the present invention, each first belt drive 116 maybe positioned towards the top end of the housing, each equidistant froma longitudinal centerline that cuts the housing into equal parts, andwherein the rotational axes of both first belt drives 116 areperpendicular to the top surface of the housing. In addition, eachsecond belt drive 116 may be positioned towards the bottom end of thehousing, each equidistant from the longitudinal centerline that cuts thehousing into equal parts, but closer together than the spacing betweenthe two first belt drives 116, and wherein the rotational axes of bothsecond belt drives 116 are also perpendicular to the top surface of thehousing.

A belt brush 114 is then positioned around each pair of first and secondbelt drives 116, such that the two belt brushes 114 make a generallyV-shaped formation, wherein the open end of the V is towards the top endof the housing, and the sharp end of the V is towards the bottom. Thus,there is formed between the two belt brushes 114 an interstitial spacethat is configured to receive the instrument that is inserted through anopening 111 in the top cover 110 of the cleaning apparatus 100. Thisspace narrows as one moves down the length of the housing, forcing thesurfaces of the two belt brushes 114 to come into contact with thedistal end of the instrument being cleaned.

The angle of the V-formation may be adjusted is required to accommodatea particular instrument. In some embodiments, the angle between the twobelt brushes 114 is approximately within the range of about 5° to about25°. In still further embodiments of the present invention, acombination of elastic belt brushes 114 with moveable first drives 116allows the user to adjust the angle between the belt brushes 114 to adesired setting.

For example, a belt drive 116 may comprise a cylinder that is rotatablycoupled to an axis aligned along the longitudinal length of thecylinder. The axis may comprise a first end and a second end, wherein atleast one of the ends is attached to at least one of the front surfaceand back surface of the housing. An axis of the cylinder may comprise,for example, a threaded end portion that extends through the frontsurface or back surface, to receive a washer and a wing-nut (on anoutside surface of the housing; e.g. not within the housing) to allowthe user to tighten the wing-nut to secure the belt drive into a desiredposition.

The threaded end portion of the cylinder axis may be inserted through ahole, or preferably a slot. A slot provides the ability to slide the endportion of the cylinder axis within the slot to a desired position andangle between the two belt brushes 114, at which point the wing-nut canbe tightened to secure the brushes 114 at that desire position. In someembodiments of the present invention, both first belt drives 116comprise an axis that comprise a threaded end that are both insertedthrough their own respective slots in the back surface, such that theangle between the corresponding belt brushes 114 can be adjusted asdesired, and secured in place using a threaded wing-not, or comparablesecuring mechanism.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus 100may further comprise a physical obstruction 106 placed in theinterstitial space substantially centered within the sharp end of theV-formation (e.g. at the narrowest point between the two belt brushes,and towards the bottom of the housing.) The purpose of the physicalobstruction 106 is to provide a tactile indication to the user that theinstrument has been inserted to the maximum allowable depth in thehousing. In other words, as the instrument is inserted, eventually thedistal end of the instrument will impinge against the physicalobstruction 106, thus preventing further insertion of the instrument.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a physical obstruction 106may comprise a triangular wedge placed with the narrow portion of theinterstitial space. A triangular wedge may further comprise a slightlyconvex top surface to facilitate easier gravimetric settling from thewedge to the bottom end of the housing. Alternatively, a triangularwedge may comprise a slightly concave top surface to facilitate catchingthe terminal end of the instrument being cleaned to prevent the beltbrushes from pulling the medical device beyond the desired depth in thecleaning apparatus 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus 100may comprise at least one scraper 108 that physically communicates withat least a portion of at least one belt brush 114. In some embodimentsof the present invention, a scraper 108 may comprise a flat planarstructure, with a lower, leading edge that is in physical contact with abelt brush. For configurations that utilize two belt brushes in aV-configuration, two scrapers 108, one for each belt brush 114, may beconfigured just distal to, and outside of the belt brushV-configuration, resulting in V-configured belt brushes positionedwithin V-configured scrapers 108. This configuration provides amechanical shearing force for physically removing debris from thesurface of the belt brushes 114.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a belt brush 114 comprisesa brush surface mounted on a lower loop to form a continuous laminatedbelt brush. A lower loop may comprise a rubber material. The belt brushlower loop is mounted on a first belt drive 116 and a second belt drive116 such that the lower loop, and consequentially the belt brush 114itself, is held substantially taught between the two belt drives 116.The configuration of the belt brush 114 mounted between the two beltdrives 116 results in a first portion of the brush surface that movesdownwards towards the collection device.

This first portion of the brush surface reaches a lower-most position inthe housing, and then rotates around a belt drive 116, resulting in achange in direction opposite to the downward motion. Thus, the beltsurface comprises a second portion between the two belt drives 116wherein the belt brush 114 moves upwards and away from the collectiontray 130. In some further embodiments of the present invention, ascraper 108 is positioned in a third portion of the belt brush 114,wherein the third portion is located between the first and secondportions, in the region where the belt is riding on the belt drive 116and changing directions from a downward direction to an upwarddirection.

As used herein, “approach angle” refers to the angle of a planar scraperrelative to a substantially flat brush surface, wherein 0 degrees refersto a planar scraper that is parallel to the brush surface, wherein theleading edge of the planar scraper is pointed in the direction that thebrush surface is moving; 180 degrees refers to a planar scraper that isparallel to the brush surface, wherein the leading edge of the planarscraper is pointed in a direction opposite to the direct that brushsurface is moving; and 90 degrees refers to a planar scraper thisperpendicular to the brush surface. In some embodiments of the presentinvention, the approach angle of a planar scraper relative to asubstantially flat brush surface ranges from about 90 to about 180degrees. In still further embodiments of the present invention, theapproach angle of a planar scraper ranges from about 120 to about 160degrees.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, a debris ramp maybe positioned between the at least one first belt drive and thecollection tray 130. A debris ramp may comprise at least one flat planarstructure that is used to divert debris that are gravimetrically removedby the at least one belt brush 114 and/or at least one scraper 108, todirect the debris into the collection tray 130. In still furtherembodiments of the present invention, a debris ramp may comprise two ormore planar surface constructed in a funnel shape to divert and directdebris from the belt brushes 114 to the collection tray 130.

In some further embodiments of the present invention, a scraper 108 mayfurther comprise a rectangular slot cut therethrough, wherein a portionof a belt brush 114 intersects the scraper 108 by passing through therectangular slot.

In some embodiments of the present invention, at least both of the firstbelt drives and second belt drives 116 are in mechanical communicationwith a motor 120 which is configured to rotate the belt drives 116,which in turn causes the belt brushes 114 to move relative to thehousing.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus maycomprise a collection tray 130 positioned below the narrow end of thebelt brush V-configuration, such that any debris and material removedfrom the instrument fall by gravity and are collected in the collectiontray 130. In some embodiments of the present invention, a collectiontray may comprise a box- or tray-like structure with an open top,through which the debris fall. In still further embodiments of thepresent invention, the housing of the cleaning apparatus 100 comprises aslot, receptacle, or port that allows the user to insert and remove thecollection tray 130, to facilitate emptying debris from the apparatus100, as needed.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the cleaningapparatus 100 may comprise flexible hinge element 118, which allow theuser to position the cleaning apparatus 100 at an angle that facilitatesthe gravimetric collection of debris within the collection tray 130, butalso enables the user to position the device in an ergonomicallyfavorable position. For example, a back surface of the device mayreversibly connect to a first hinge 118 that allows the device to rotatearound the long, longitudinal axis of the cleaning device. Further, thefirst hinge 118 may comprise a connection surface that attaches to asecond hinge that is perpendicular to the first hinge, wherein thesecond hinge is attached either directly to a stationary object (e.g.table, desk, etc.), or the second hinge is attached to a second surfacewhich is subsequently attached to a stationary object. A second hingedelement 128 may also be provided to permit rotation about the lateralaxis.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus 100comprises a rectangular housing with a top end comprising an entry portor opening 111 therethrough. The interior volume of the housingpreferably comprises two cylindrical brushes mounted at the same heightalong the long axis of the housing, wherein the axes of the cylindricalbrushes are mounted between and perpendicular to the housing front andrear surfaces. In use, the user inserts the instrument to be cleanedthrough the opening 111 and between the two cylindrical brushes. Thisgeometrical configuration permits the user to leave the instrument ofother device in the cleaning device while continuing with other tasks. Aflap 112 may further be provided to cover the opening 111.

Referring now to FIGS. 11-14, in one embodiment the cleaning apparatus100 may further comprise a plurality of fluid injection ports and systemof distributing at least one fluid from a fluid cartridge to theplurality of fluid injection ports. The system preferably comprises atleast one pump 152 and tubing 154 interconnecting a fluid cartridge 150to one or more nozzles 168, as shown in FIG. 13. The fluid may be asaline solution or may be sterile water or other suitable liquid forcleaning and lubricating a series of brushes 114. The nozzles arepreferably positioned at the top of the housing and within the cleaningchamber, such that the fluid is injected into the cleaning apparatus 100and by gravitational and rotational forces (applied by the brushesrotating in close proximity to the nozzles) passes towards the front orlower portion of the cleaning apparatus 100 and ultimately in contactwith an instrument or device in the cleaning apparatus 100 and thebrushes 114. In this manner, the liquid serves to both cleanse and purgedebris and material from the instrument but also serves to lubricate andcleanse the brushes 114. The system may also comprise a sensor 164 whichprovides a signal to the pump 152 when the sensor detects that thebrushes or the interior of the cleaning apparatus does not have adequatemoisture. Various sensors known to those of ordinary skill in the artfor achieving this sensing capability are considered within the scope ofthe present disclosure. The system also includes cylinders 122associated with the brushes, which have been removed in FIG. 11.

Referring now to FIGS. 15-20, one embodiment of the present disclosurerelates to a cleaning apparatus 200 comprising a housing that defines aninternal volume, which holds a liquid, and wherein a mixing device 210agitates the liquid. In some embodiments of the present invention, thehousing 230 may comprise a top surface, a bottom surface, and at leastone sidewall. In still further embodiments of the present invention, thehousing 230 may comprise a cylindrical shape, wherein the top surface issubstantially circular, the bottom surface is substantially circular,and wherein the top and bottom surfaces are connected by a verticalsidewall extending between the top and bottom surfaces.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the top surface maycomprise an entry port 234 comprising an opening that passes through thetop surface, to provide access to the internal volume of the housing230. The entry port 234 may be an opening of a specific geometric shape,for example, but not limited to, a circular, oval, square, rectangular,or any other suitable shape sized to allow insertion of the device beingcleaned into the cleaning portion of the device. In further embodimentsof the present invention, the entry port 234 may comprise a cover overthe opening. In some embodiments of the present invention, the entryport may comprise a cover constructed from a flexible, pliable,conformable, or bendable material with a hole or slot passing throughthe cover, to allow the instrument to be inserted therethrough. Thecover may be sized to substantially cover the entire open surface areaof the entry port 234 opening.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the entry port 234 may bean opening placed in the center of a circular top surface that is builtinto or attached to the top end of a cylindrical housing 230. In somefurther embodiments of the present invention, the entry port 234 maycomprise a circular funnel-shaped structure in which the lower internalportion of the funnel-shaped structure terminates with a circular, oval,square, or rectangular opening. In still further embodiments of thepresent invention, the entry port 234 may comprise a funnel-shapedstructure and a flexible cover with a hole therethrough, wherein thecover is positioned at the top, wide portion of the funnel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus 200retains a liquid inside at least a portion of the internal volume of thehousing 230. In some of the embodiments of the present invention, aliquid is utilized to provide both mechanical cleaning and chemicalcleaning to the instrument that is inserted into the liquid. In someembodiments of the present invention, a liquid may comprise at least oneof water, an alcohol, an organic, a saline solution, an antiseptic, apreservative, formaldehyde, a stabilizer, an acid, a base, a solvent,and any other liquid for achieving a particular function of interest. Insome further embodiments a liquid will fill all of or less than theinternal empty volume of the cleaning apparatus 200. It should be clearto one of ordinary skill in the art, that embodiments of the presentinvention incorporating a liquid cleaning agent may preferablyincorporate o-rings, gaskets, or seals into the connections between thevarious elements of the cleaning apparatus 200.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a mixing device 210 maycomprise at least one of a jet, a nozzle, an agitator, an impeller, aturbine, a wheel, and any other suitable device for agitating or mixingthe liquid contained in the cleaning apparatus 200. In some embodimentsof the present invention, a mixing device 210 comprises a rotatingdevice comprising at least one of an agitator, an impeller, a turbine, awheel, and any other suitable rotating mixing device. In someembodiments of the present invention, a rotating device may utilized,comprising a shaft with a long axis, a first end, and a second end, withat least one surface attached to the shaft extending in a directionssubstantially perpendicular to the long axis of the shaft, whereinrotation of the shaft around its long axis rotates the at least onesurface. Thus, when the at least one surface is submerged in the liquid,the at least one surface provides mechanical work to the liquid, andmotion and mixing of the liquid within the housing 230.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a mixing device 210 forproviding mixing is at least one of an axial flow impeller, a radialflow impeller, a Rushton turbine, a propeller, a paddle mixer, aturbine, a flat blade impeller, a pitched blade impeller, a curved bladeimpeller, an anchor impeller, and combinations thereof. In still furtherembodiments of the present invention, a mixing device 210 may comprise awater wheel agitator, wherein the water wheel comprises a circularoutside member, with at least two spokes extending within the plane ofthe circular outside member, and the spokes extend from the outsidecircumference of the circular outside member, wherein the two spokesmeet at a hub positioned at the center-point of the circular member,wherein the hub is also in the plane of the spokes. The water wheelagitator further comprises at least one rectangular-shaped mixingsurface, connected to the outside circumference of the circular outsidemember, and extending upwards and perpendicular to the plane of theoutside circular member.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, a water wheelagitator may comprise a bottom circular outside member and a topcircular member, wherein the bottom circular outside member furthercomprises at least two spokes extending within the plane of the bottomcircular outside member, and the spokes extend from the outsidecircumference of the bottom circular outside member, wherein the twospokes meet at a hub positioned at the center-point of the bottomcircular outside member, wherein the hub is also in the plane of thebottom circular outside member. The water wheel agitator furthercomprises at least one rectangular-shaped mixing surface comprising afirst end and a second end, wherein the first end of each mixing surfaceis connected to the outside circumference of the bottom circular outsidemember, and each mixing surface extends upwards and perpendicular to theplane of the outside circular member, and the second end of each mixingsurface attaches to an outer circumference of the top circular outsidemember.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a water wheel agitatorfurther comprises a shaft mounted perpendicularly to a hub 232, whichmay further comprise a coupling 248 and motor 246 for providing themechanical drive necessary to set the mixing device 210 in motion, asillustrated in FIG. 18. In an alternative embodiment, illustrated inFIGS. 19-20, the apparatus 200 includes a mixing device 210interconnected by coupling 254 to a motor 252 that is pneumaticallydriven. The motor 252 is supplied with a gas from gas supply 250. Insome embodiments of the present invention, a mixing device 210 forproviding mixing to the liquid retained inside the housing of thecleaning apparatus 200 may be attached to the housing by affixing theshaft of the mixing device 210 substantially to the center of the insideface of the bottom surface. In further embodiments of the presentinvention, the shaft may extend through a hole in the bottom surface,wherein o-rings, seals, or gaskets provide a liquid-tight seal toprevent liquid from leaking out of the housing internal volume. Theshaft thus inserted through the bottom surface may then physicallyengage a motor such that the motor drives rotation of the shaft.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the cleaningapparatus 200 may further comprise a base structure 240 that hassubstantially the same cross-sectional profile as the cross-sectionalprofile of the housing 230, wherein the housing 230 is aligned with, andplace on top of, the base structure 240. Further, the motor and anyother electronic and mechanical means may be placed within the basestructure 240. In still further embodiments, a base structure 240 maycomprise a top surface, a bottom surface, and sidewall extending betweenthe top and bottom surfaces. The base structure 240 may further comprisea top port 244 for receiving the shaft or other coupling to mixingdevice 210. The base structure 240 may also comprise an aperture 242 forreceiving an electrical or pneumatic power supply.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the at least onemixing device 210 may comprise one, two, three, four, or five rotatingdevices, wherein each rotating device comprises a shaft that is affixedto the bottom surface of the housing, and wherein each shaft is rotatedby a motor.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing device 210 forcleaning the instrument may comprise at least one cylindrical brush,comprising a first end, a second end, and a length spanning the firstand second ends, wherein the second end comprises a shaft that isaffixed to the bottom surface of the housing and is driven by a motor.In such embodiments, the at least one brush may provide liquid mixing aswell as brush surfaces for providing additional mechanical means ofcleaning.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, the mixing device210 may comprise at least one jet or nozzle. It will be understood byone of ordinary skill in the art, that embodiments utilizing at leastone jet or nozzle will require a pressurized source of water. This maybe provided by a “house” water supply; e.g. city water, or if higherpressures are required, by a pump provided by the cleaning apparatus.The disadvantage of using “house” water is that every volumetric unit ofwater added to the cleaning apparatus 200 will also need to be removed,whereas an internally located pump, provides the advantage of being ableto reuse the internal volume of liquid of the apparatus itself. Aninternal pump also enables many more liquids to be used, besides water.In addition, the internal flow path of a pump, e.g. an inlet and anoutlet, may provide a convenient means for providing a filter mechanismfor removing the debris from the liquid, as it is removed from theinstrument being cleaned.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing of a cleaningapparatus 200 may further comprise a filter device 220, wherein thefilter device 220 resides within the mixing device 210. In thisembodiment, a pump (not shown) may discharges water through the pump'soutlet. The outlet then leads to a nozzle or jet located within thecleaning apparatus housing, such that the water is re-injected into thehousing through the nozzle and/or jet. In some embodiments of thepresent invention, the pump is a centrifugal pump or a positivedisplacement pump.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing of thecleaning apparatus maintains a housing volume that is less than 10% fullof liquid and spray nozzles are used to clean the instrument. As abovefor the jet or nozzle embodiments, spray nozzles will also require apressurized source of water.

In still further embodiments of the present invention, an ultrasoundsource may be provided to embodiments of the present invention whereinthe housing is substantially full of liquid.

Referring now to FIG. 21, the cleaning apparatus further comprises aselectable attachment 300 for coupling the cleaning apparatus to anoperating room table or other piece of furniture or stationary equipmentin the operating room. According to this embodiment, the selectableattachment may be comprised of an arm with a first end coupled to thecleaning apparatus and positionable about a wide variety of axes andorientations, such as may be accomplished by a swivel or ball and socketconnection between the arm and the cleaning apparatus. The arm accordingto this embodiment may further comprise a second end, which includes acoupling device capable of coupling the second end of the arm to aoperating room table or other piece of furniture. In one embodiment,this coupling device is comprised of a clamp. In another embodiment, thecoupling device is magnetic. In yet another embodiment, the couplingdevice is a vice. Several variations and combinations of couplingmechanisms known to those of skill in the art may be substituted forthese preferred coupling devices without deviating from the novelty ofthe present disclosure, and are accordingly considered to be within thescope of the disclosure and the appended claims.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning apparatus maybe attached to a securement device which enables the user to place thecleaning apparatus in a specific desire position or configurationrelative to the work environment. In some embodiments of the presentinvention a securement device may comprise a flexible and/or moveablearm, wherein a first end of the arm is attached to a stationary object,e.g. a table, desk, counter, and a second end of the arm is attached tothe cleaning apparatus.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the length of a moveablearm may be divided into a first length and a second length, whichconnect the stationary object to the cleaning apparatus. The distal endof the first length may terminate in a joint, which may attach to theproximal end of the second length. The proximal end of the first lengthmay be pivotally coupled to a joint, which attaches to the stationaryobject for pivotal movement relative thereto. The first length mayrotate a full 360 degrees around a vertical axis extending through thecleaning apparatus. In addition the joint located at the stationaryobject may also rotate upward out of the horizontal plane, up to 180degrees. It should, however, be understood that the first length'sdegrees of rotational movement can have other values without departingfrom the scope of the present invention. The proximal end of the secondlength may attach to the distal end of the first length at a secondjoint. This second joint may comprise any articulating means known toone of ordinary skill in the art to allow the second length to rotatearound the joint to any desirable position within three-dimensionalspace. For example, the second length may rotate a full 360 degrees in aplane around the second joint at the distal end of the first length. Thesecond length may also rotate relative to the first length in a verticalplane.

It should, however, be understood that the second length horizontal andvertical rotation ranges and the first length horizontal and verticalrotation ranges, as well as their general movement withinthree-dimensional space, can be varied to suit the particular design andfunctional requirements of the user of the cleaning apparatus.Similarly, the specific lengths of the first and second lengths may haveany desired specific values, as required by a user or environment.

Other embodiments of the present invention may entail securement devicescomprising a single stationary arm, wherein one end of the arm isaffixed to a point of rotation.

According to yet another embodiment, the selectable attachment may becomprised of a mechanism for attaching the cleaning apparatus to one ormore surgical drapes. In one embodiment, this may be accomplished by asuitable combination of fabric, such as Velcro. According to otherembodiments, the attachment may be accomplished via a plurality ofoppositely charged magnets, which are separable and may be placed onopposite sides of the one or more drapes to secure the cleaningapparatus.

Regardless of the embodiment for attaching the cleaning apparatus to atable or other piece of furniture, the attachment is preferred tofurther comprise means for selectively establishing the height and/ororientation of the cleaning apparatus relative to the physician or otheruser of the cleaning apparatus. For example, the means may comprise oneor more adjustable elements, such as a height position adjustment forsecuring the cleaning apparatus in a location ideal for the location thesurgeon is standing, the surgeon height, right-handed versus left-handeddominance, preferred location relative to other equipment and theoperating environment, etc. As another example, the adjustment maycomprise the ability to permit the cleaning apparatus to rotate awayfrom the operating site if no longer in use or temporarily unnecessary.The means described herein may be comprised of a telescoping mechanism,a C-arm mechanism, a simple-hinged mechanism, a pivot mechanism, a balland socket mechanism, a living hinge mechanism, a set-screw mechanism,or a geared mechanism, among other types of adjustable mechanisms.

In another embodiment, the selectable attachment may further comprisethe ability to rotate the orientation of the cleaning apparatusaccording to user preference, such that the receiving face of thecleaning apparatus is oriented facing up or facing to one lateral sideor another lateral side. In this manner, the cleaning apparatus may beoriented to permit a surgeon to insert an instrument into the cleaningapparatus either in an upwardly facing receiving area or a laterallyfacing receiving area (i.e., parallel to the plane of the surgicalfield).

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to maintaining thesterility of the surgical environment, and shielding the cleaningapparatus from the sterile field. For example, the cleaning apparatusmay further comprise a shield or barrier to prevent material fromleaving the instrument or other device to be cleaned by the cleaningapparatus in a direction other than internal to the cleaning apparatusand the collection tray. In this manner, for any instruments that areused and needing to be cleaned in the operating room, the surgeon orother medical professional may conveniently clean the instrument withoutaccidentally removing fluid or debris from the instrument on the drape,the patient, the sterile zone, or otherwise exposing this non-sterilematerial onto other instruments or to the surgical site generally.

In one embodiment, the collection tray permits the collection of drymaterials. In another embodiment, the collection is facilitated by asaline bath, which permits the material collected to be cleaned prior tocollection. In a preferred embodiment, the collection tray resides nearthe bottom of the cleaning apparatus, so that material and debriscollected during the cleaning operation passes through the brushes andinto the collection tray by virtue of gravitational forces. The cleaningapparatus may comprise one or more filters, of varying granularity, tofacilitate the separation of bone material, for example, from othermaterial and fluid collected during the cleaning process. The filtersmay be removable for periodic cleaning and for removing the materialfrom the filters.

The apparatus may comprise a particular entry portal for facilitatingthe placement of the instrument or other device to be cleaned by theapparatus. According to one particular embodiment, the instrument entryportal is oriented to grab and stabilize the instruments, which areoften long and unbalanced, and permits the surgeon to leave theinstrument in the cleaning apparatus for continued cleaning or to freehis hands temporarily while he uses another instrument. A preferredembodiment having a duck bill entry portal is shown in FIG. 1, however,several alternately oriented entry portals may be provided withoutdeparting from the spirit of the present disclosure.

The apparatus disclosed herein may be made of a variety of differentmaterials. These materials may include, by way of example but notlimitation, stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, chromiumalloy, and other metals or metal alloys. These materials may alsoinclude, for example, PEEK, carbon fiber, ABS plastic, polyurethane,resins, particularly fiber-encased resinous materials rubber, latex,synthetic rubber, synthetic materials, polymers, and natural materials.

While various embodiment of the present disclosure have been describedin detail, it is apparent that modifications and alterations of thoseembodiments will occur to those skilled in the art. However, it is to beexpressly understood that such modifications and alterations are withinthe scope and spirit of the present disclosure, as set forth in thefollowing claims. For further illustration, the information andmaterials in appended Exhibit A hereto are expressly made a part of thisdisclosure and incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

The foregoing discussion of the disclosure has been presented forpurposes of illustration and description. The foregoing is not intendedto limit the disclosure to the form or forms disclosed herein. In theforegoing Detailed Description for example, various features of thedisclosure are grouped together in one or more embodiments for thepurpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is notto be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed disclosurerequires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather,as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than allfeatures of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the followingclaims are hereby incorporated into this Detailed Description, with eachclaim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of thedisclosure.

Moreover, though the present disclosure has included description of oneor more embodiments and certain variations and modifications, othervariations and modifications are within the scope of the disclosure,e.g., as may be within the skill and knowledge of those in the art,after understanding the present disclosure. It is intended to obtainrights which include alternative embodiments to the extent permitted,including alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures,functions, ranges or steps to those claimed, whether or not suchalternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures, functions,ranges or steps are disclosed herein, and without intending to publiclydedicate any patentable subject matter.

What is claimed is:
 1. A device for treating a medical instrument ortool, comprising: a housing including an entry valve in communicationwith an internal chamber of the housing; a cartridge received within thehousing, a portion of an exterior surface of the cartridge moveablyinterconnected to a portion of an interior surface of the housing,wherein the cartridge is configured to move within the housing between afirst position and a second position, and wherein the cartridge isconfigured to rotate relative to the housing; a plurality of brushesreceived within the cartridge; one or more of the plurality of brushesconfigured to move relative to the cartridge; and a biasing membercoupled to the cartridge and contained within the housing, wherein thebiasing member biases the cartridge to the first position.
 2. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the housing is configured to receive and at leasttemporarily store at least one fluid.
 3. The device of claim 2, furthercomprising at least one exit port for draining fluid from the housing.4. The device of claim 1, further comprising an obstruction associatedwith the cartridge, wherein when a distal end of the medical instrumentor tool inserted into the device presses against the obstruction, thecartridge moves from the first position to a second position, andwherein the cartridge rotates relative to the housing in response tomovement of the cartridge between the first and second positions.
 5. Thedevice of claim 1, further comprising a filter received adjacent to thecartridge and in communication with a collection container, wherein thefilter separates reusable material from unusable material.
 6. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the entry valve is adapted to receive at least oneof an instrument, a tool, and an implant, and wherein rotation of thecartridge causes the brushes to move relative to the instrument, tool,or implant.
 7. The device for cleaning of claim 1, wherein the entryvalve further comprises a cover that comprises at least one aperture forinserting an instrument, tool, implant or other device into the housing.8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a motor and a coupling formechanically linking a shaft of the motor to the cartridge, wherein thecartridge rotates relative to the housing in response to a forcereceived from the motor.
 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the couplingfor mechanically linking the shaft of the motor further couples to atleast one of the plurality of brushes for moving at least one of theplurality of brushes.
 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the motor isactivated by a sensor once an instrument is inserted into the device inproximity to the sensor.
 11. The device of claim 8, further comprisingat least one electrical actuator for activation of the motor.
 12. Thedevice for cleaning of claim 1, further comprising an actuator andcoupling for providing rotation to the cartridge by pneumatic means,wherein the cartridge rotates relative to the housing in response to aforce received from the coupling.
 13. A device for cleaning a medicalinstrument or tool, comprising: a housing comprising an internal cavity;a cleaning cartridge selectively received within the internal cavity; atleast one brush adapted to be received within the cleaning cartridge; abiasing member, wherein the biasing member biases the cleaning cartridgetowards a first position within the internal cavity of the housing;wherein the cleaning cartridge is adapted to be moved from the firstposition to a second position within the internal cavity of the housingthrough application of pressure applied to the cleaning cartridge in afirst direction; wherein the biasing member biases the cleaningcartridge in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, toreturn the cleaning cartridge to the first position once the applicationof pressure is removed; and wherein at least one of the movement of thecleaning cartridge from the first position to the second position or themovement of the cleaning cartridge from the second position to the firstposition causes the cleaning cartridge to rotate relative to thehousing.
 14. The device of claim 13, further comprising at least onecollection container attached to the housing.
 15. The device forcleaning of claim 13, further comprising an entry valve comprising anopening in communication with the hollow void of the housing.
 16. Thedevice of claim 13, further comprising at least one fluid injection portfor injecting fluid from a fluid container into the cleaning cartridge.17. The device of claim 13, wherein the at least one brush is arrangedwithin the cleaning cartridge to permit placement of at least oneinstrument, tool or implant within the cleaning cartridge and in contactwith the at least one brush.
 18. The device of claim 17, wherein thecleaning cartridge further comprises a bottom surface having a screen orfilter for collecting materials removed from the at least oneinstrument, tool or implant.
 19. A device for cleaning a medicalinstrument, comprising: a housing adapted to hold a liquid; an entryvalve, the entry valve comprising a funnel having an openingtherethrough, the opening in communication with an interior of thehousing; a cartridge received within the housing; a plurality of brushesreceived within the cartridge; a mixing device received within thehousing, wherein the mixing device is configured to rotate within thehousing to agitate the liquid when the medical instrument is inserted atleast partially through the opening of the entry valve; a filterreceived within the housing and in communication with the entry valve;and; a collection container in communication with the filter andconfigured to collect material or debris passing through the filter. 20.The device for cleaning of claim 19, further comprising a motorinterconnected to the mixing device.